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Past Perfect Tenses

Gramatica



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Past Perfect Tenses

Past Perfect Tenses se foloseste pentru a exprima o anumita perioada de timp anterioara unui moment din trecut (moment de referinta), avand legatura cu acest moment.



Ca si la celelalte timpuri si Past Perfect Tense are doua forme:

Past Perfect Simple

Past Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Simple

A) Definitie

Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima un eveniment anterior unui moment sau altui evenoment din trecut, care este amintit in momentul vorbirii, corespondentul acestui timp in limba romana fiind mai mult ca perfectul.

B) Forma

Ca toate timpurile perfecte, Past Perfect se formeaza cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar    TO HAVE, conjugat la timpul momentului de referinta (Past Tense), la care se adauga participiul trecut al verbului deconjugat.


C) Conjugare

Past Perfect Simple formeaza interogativul si negativul cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar "TO HAVE" conjugat la Past Tense.

TO WORK

Afirmativ

Interogativ

Negativ

I had worked

Had I worked?

I had not worked

You had worked

Had you worked?

You had not worked

He had worked

Had he worked?

He had not worked

She had worked

Had she worked?

She had not worked

It had worked

Had it worked?

It had not worked

We had worked

Had we worked?

We had not worked

You had worked

Had you worked?

You had not worked

They had worked

Had they worked?

They had not workeds

D) Folosire

Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata inainte unui moment din trecut.


Adverbe specifice:

Ø    by 4 o'clock yesterday (He had finished his report by 4 o'clock yesterday.)

Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata inaintea altei actiuni trecute .

He had finished his report when his father arrived.


After he had finished his report, his father arrived.

Past Perfect Simple se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta si terminata cu putin timp inaintea momentului de referinta

Adverbe specifice:

just - pentru propozitiile afirmative;

(I have just entered the classroom when the bell rang)

already - pentru propozitiile interogative;

yet - pentru propozitiile negative.

Past Perfect Continuous

a)   Definitie:

Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta inceputa inaintea unui moment sau a unei actiuni trecute continuand pana in acel moment sau actiune, precum si probabil dupa aceea.

b)    Formare

Past Perfect Continuous se formeaza cu ajutorul auxiliarului TO HAVE conjugat la Past Tense, urmat de auxiliarul TO BE la participiul trecut (been) si verbul deconjugat cu particula -ing


c)    Conjugare:

Past Perfect Continuous formeaza interogativul si negativul cu ajutorul auxiliarului TO HAVE conjugat la Past Tense.

TO WORK

Afirmativ

Interogativ

Negativ

I had been working

Had I been working?

I had not been working

You had been working

Had you been working?

You had not been working

He had been working

Had he been working?

He had not been working

She had been working

Had she been working?

She had not been working

It had been working

Had it been working?

It had not been working

We had been working

Had we been working?

We had not been working

You had been working

Had you been working?

You had not been working

They had been working

Had they been working?

They had not been working

d)   Folosiri

Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta inceputa inaintea altei actiuni si continuand pana la aceasta.

Adverbe specifice:


for/since (I had been waiting for my friend for half an hour when he finally arrived).

Past Perfect Continuous se foloseste pentru a exprima o actiune trecuta inceputa inaintea altei actiuni trecute, continuand pana in acel moment precum si dupa aceea.

They had been playing football for one hour when I arrived.






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